Machine for mixing and kneading dough or analogous materials.



Pa'tented Apr. I, |902.. J. LEE.

(Anblication led Sept. 4, 1901.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

MACHINE FOR MIXING AND KNEADING DUUGH UR ANALGUS MATERIALS.

(No Model.)

No. 696,575. PatentedApr. l, |902.

J. LEE.

MACHINE FUR MIXING AND KNEADING DOUGH UB ANALOGDUS MATERIALS.

(Application led Sept. 4, 1901.) (No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No. 696,575. Patented Apr. I, |902.

J. LEE.

MACHINE FOR MIXING AND KNEADIIIG DOUGH 0R NALUGUS MATERIALS.

(Application filed Sept. 4. 1901.) (No Model.) 4Ts Sheets-Sheet 3.

lllrirrnn Sterns- Farrar Ormes..

JOSEPH LEE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO NATIONAL BREAD COMPANY, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., A OOR- PORATION OF NElV JERSEY.

MACHINE FOR MIXING AND KNEADING DOUGH R ANALOGOUS MATERIALS.

SPECFICATION forming part of .Letters Patent No. 696,575, dated April 1, 19'02.

To a/ZZ whom t 77mg/ 0072.007111.:

Be it known that I,.JOSEPH LEE,- a citizen oftheUnitedStates,residingatl3oston,county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have 5 made a new and useful Invention in Machines for Mixing and Kneading Dough or Analogous Materials, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention is directed to improvements xo upon a kneading-machine disclosed in a prior patent granted to me on the 7th day of August, 1894, numbered 524,042; and it has for its objects, iirst, to provide such a machine as will expeditiously and effectually mix and knead large quantities of dough in such manner that all of the material shall be successively subjected to the pounding action of two sets of reciprocating pestles so arranged as to alternately act upon the material; second, to so zo arrange the entire structure of the machine that the rotary mixing devices maybe utilized solely as conveyers for the purpose of conveying the completed product'out of the machine when required; third, to provide such z 5 a machine with a removable door beneath the lower surface thereof and so arranged that said door may be lowered and opened by moving it laterally and in such manner that any dough or analogous material which is being 3o mixed or treated will be removed from the upper surface thereof; fourth, to arrange the details of the entire structure in such manner as to accomplish all of the results sought, as will be pointed out in the following speci- 3 5 lication, and particularly indicated in the l claims at the end thereof.

`Referring now to the drawings for a full and clear understanding of the invention, such as will 'enable others skilled in the art 4o to construct and use the same, Figure l is a side elevational view ofthe complete machine,I

the reciprocating pestles at the ends of the reciprocating plungers and one of the rotary mixing devices or spiral conveyers being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the entire machine as seen looking at Fig. l from the top toward the bottom of the drawing. Fig. 3 is an end elevational View as seen looking at Fi g. 2 from left to right, the driving-pulley, however, not being disclosed in Application iilcd September 4, 1901. Serial No. 74,287. (No model.)

this view of the drawings. Fig. 4 is an end elevation al View as seen looking at Fig. 2 from right to left; and Fig. 5 is a detail sectional vieuT taken on the line, Fig. 2, and as seen looking thereat from the bottom toward the 5 5l top of the drawing in the direction of the arrows, one end of one of the rotary :mixing devices, the driving-shaft, and driving gearwheel therefor being shown in elevational View. Fig. G is a similar detail sectional view 6o taken on the line y y, Fig. 2, and as seen looking from the bottom toward the top of the drawing in the direction of the arrows, the

vother end 0E said rotary mixing device and its supporting-shaft being shown in elevational View. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional View of a modilied form of one of `the reciprocating pestles, showing also in elevational view the manner in which all of the pestles are attached to the reciprocating plungers. 7o

Referring now to the drawings in detail, in all of which like numerals of reference represent like or equivalent parts wherever used,

l l represent the standards or supports of the machine, preferably of cast metal, secured together by horizontal tie-rods 3 3, near the lower ends thereof, and to the door by bolts 4E 4L represent two angle-irons secured to the standards or supports at their opposite ends 8o and acting in turn as a support for a mixing and kneading trough 5.

G G are rotary mixing devices or spiral conveyers located closely adjacent to the bottom and lower edges of the sides of the trough and detachably secured each at its opposite ends to shafting l() l0, (see Figs. 2, 5, and 6,) one part of the shafting being provided with adriving gear-wheel 1l and the other being stationary and detachably secured by a pin 9o 50, extending through it, and a surrounding collar 57, secured directly to one of the standards or supports l, said shafting in turn extending through a water-tight bearing 7, a corresponding water-tight bearing being provided at the other end for the rotary shafting l0, 8 being packing material and 9 a packing-ring of set-screw type so arranged as to prevent oil or other objectionable agents from entering the mixing and kncadliug trough roc from the journal-bearings. These two rotary mixing devices are each secured at one end to the rotary shafting 10 by a pin, as shown, the arrangement being such that when it is desired to remove either one of said devices it is only necessary to remove the pin 50, withdraw the stationary shaft 10, then remove the pin which connects the other end of the mixing devices with the rotary shafting 10 at that end, when it may be lifted out and cleaned or repaired, as required. The gear-wheels 11 11 intermesh, respectively, with reversing idlers 18 19 19, (see Fig. 3,) carried in a casing 29, and constitute a part of an operatinglever 21, pivoted upon a shaft 20, which supports the idler 18. These idlers 18 19 and lever 21 constitute a well-known form of reversing-gear, and the outer end of the lever is held in place by a guideway 49, secured at its opposite ends to the standard or support 1 and provided with pin-holes, as shown at 52 and 53, for inserting locking-pins, so as to hold the reversing-lever in either of two positions, the entire arrangement being such that that one of the rotary mixing devices nearest to the outer end of the lever 21 may be caused to rotate in either direction, as desired. One of the gear-wheels 11 meshes with a gear-wheel 12, which in turn meshes with a driving-pinion 13 upon the main driving-shaft 14,Which carries a driving-pulley 15, as clearly shown in-Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings. Upon the shaft 14 is a second driving gear-wheel 16, meshing with one of a pair of intermeshing gear-'wheels 17 17 and carried by parallel lines of shafting 22 22, running beneath the machine and journaled in the standards or supports 1, an additional pair of intermesh- `ing gear-wheels 17 17 being carried by the same shaft and located at the opposite end of thev machine. This gear-wheel 16 is adapted to slide back and forth upon the shaft 14 and spline 58 for the purpose of disconnecting it from the gear-wheels 17 when desired.

23 23 are pitmen secured at their opposite ends, respectively, to cranks carried by the gear-wheels 17 17 at both ends of the machine and to reciprocating sleeves 24 24, adapted to reciprocate upon rods or standards 25 25, secured directly to the opposite ends of the machine by lugs or ears 27 27 and inclined outward at the top, their upper ends being secured by standards 26 26 and connected together by a cross-rod 30, as clearly shown in Fig. 1 ofthe drawings.

1 31 31 are horizontally-arranged rods and 32 32 32 corresponding sets of cross-rods secured thereto and constituting when united two reciprocating frames carried directly by the reciprocating sleeves 24, the ends of the rods 32 32 extending downward below vthe frames in each instance sufficiently far to act as reciprocating plungers or supports for adjustable and detachable pestles 33, made preferably of wood, bored out at their upper ends, so as to receive a sleeve 34, secured therein, said sleeve being split at its upper end, so as to enable it to surround the lower end of the rod 32 and be clamped thereto bya clamp 35 and set-screw 36, as clearly illustrated in detail in Fig. 7, such an arrangement making it possible to adj ust the pestles to any desired point.

28 28 28 are oil-cups carried at the upper ends of the reciprocating sleeves 24and adapted to supply oil for lubricating the sliding bearings between the rods or standards 25 25 and the reciprocating sleeves 24 24.

54 represents a rectangular-shaped doorin the bottom of the trough 5 and near one end thereof, said door being provided with an operating-lever 41, pivotally secured to its under side by a horizontal cross-bar 42 and a pair of lugs or ears 43 43, the outer end of the operating-lever extending to a point easily accessible to an attendant.

55 55 55 are axles secured to the under side of the removable door 54 and provided at their outer ends with rollers 56 56 56 56, adapted to run in grooves 37 37 in a pair of guideways 38 38, secured beneath the bottom of the mixing and kneading trough, said grooves having the shape 0r configuration illustrated in Fig. 4 of thedrawings, such that when the door is in its closed position,as therein shown, the several rollers 56 56 56 56 are in their upper positions at the extreme upper portion of the grooves 37.

40 is a rod secured directly to the operating-lever 41 and having at its opposite 'ends an additional pair of rollers 39 39, adapted to run also in the grooves 37 37, the arrangement being such that this rod 40 acts as a fulcrum about which the lever 41 turns when causing the door to be operated, as will be described in connection with the description of the mode of operation.

5l 51 are pins extending downward through openings in the outer ends of the guideways 38 for preventing the complete withdrawal of the door, except when it is desired so to do.

44 is a locking-cam for the operating-lever 41, pivotally secured to one of the angle-irons 4 by a pin 45, said locking-cam being provided with an operating-lever 48 and a curved slot 47 for receiving a clamp or locking device 46, the arrangement being such that the cam may he locked or secured in any position, as desired.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The door 54 being closed and locked,as shown, the material to be mixed and kneaded is placed in the mixing and kneading trough 5, as desired. The reversing-lever 21 is put into the position illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, in which position the arrangement is such that rotary motion is imparted to the rotary mixing devices or conveyers 6 6 inopposite directions, so as to cause the material to be advanced continuously :forward and backward by the conveyers, thereby preventing the accumulation thereof at either end of the mixing and kneading trough. The machine is now set in motion through thc agency IOO IIC

of the belt4 and pulley 15, atwhich time .the pinion 13 imparts rotary motion in opposite directions to the rotary mixing devices or spiral conveyers through the agency of the intermeshing gear-wheels 12 11 11 and properly intergeared idlers 18 19, therebyimparting to the material ii the mixing and xneading trough movement continuously in opposite directions. At the same time motion is imparted through the gear-wheels 1G and interrneshing gear-wheels A17 17 17 17 at theopposite ends of the machine, interconnected rotary shafts 22 22, and pitmen 23 23 to the reciprocating sleeves 24 24, and hence to the attached reciprocating frames, to which are secured, as above indicated, the reciprocating pestles 33 33, so inclined toward each other by virtue of the angular location of the rods or standards 25 25 that when said reciprocating pestles successively reach the bottom of the trough they give to the material a successive pounding effect, thereby causing it to be forced outward through the under spiral portions of the mixing devices or conveyers. During their upward movement these conveyers continuously cause the material to be returned to the center of the machine for the successive action of the pestles. As this movement continues water, iiour, lard, and the usual ingredients are added and the process carried on until the dough has assumed the desired condition, which will be obvious to any one skilled in the art. Vhen this point is reached, the attendant through the agency of a lever (not shown) moves the gearwheellvto the left (see Figs. l and 2) until it is out of mesh with the gear-wheel 17, thereby disconnecting the reciprocating frames. The attendant then so adjusts them relative to the upper surface of the dough that they are out of contact therewith. The reversing-lever 2l is then moved to its upper position in the guideway 49 and a pin inserted in the hole 53,

thereby reversing the order of the idlers 18 19 19. The attendant now places a receptacle beneath the door 5-1 for the dough, releasing the locking-clamp 46, and turns the locking-cam 44 in the direction indicated by the arrow, Fig. l, in such manner as to release the outer or free end of the operating-lever 1l. I-Ie then takes hold of this operatinglever, lifting it so as to cause the door to descend, at the saine time pulling outward upon it, causing the rollers 56 56 beneath the bottom of the door and 39 39 at the end of the fulcrum-rod 40 to move laterally outward, so that the upper surface of the door is caused to move against the lower surface of the mixing and kneading trough until it assumes its extreme outward position, at the same time removing any dough which may have adhered to the upper surface thereof. The machine is now set in motion, and owing to the fact that one of the rotary mixingdevices or conveyers is reversed in its direction of rotation both of these devices now become, in effect, actual conveyers, tending to move the dough toward the opendoor, continuing in this action until it is all moved to that end of the machine, passing out into the receptacle below.

In Fig. `7 of the drawings I have disclosed a modified form of pestle, inwhich the lower end thereof is hollowed out, as shown at 59, this for the purpose of causing the machine to more effectually force air into the dough as the pestles pass downward in their movement toward the bottom of the mixing and kneading trough.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A mixing and kneading machine provided with one or more sets of reciprocating pestles operatively connected with a drivingshaft; in combination with two spiral conveyers operatively connected with the same shaft; together with means for changing the direction of rotation of one of the conveyers.

2. A mixing and kneading machine provided with one or more seis of reciprocating pestles operatively connected with :a drivingshaft; in combination with two spiral conveyers operatively connected with the same shaft; together with means for changing the direction of rotation of one of the conveyers, and a door located at one end of the machine, whereby the conveyers are adapted to act in the first instance as mixing devices and in the second instance as means for conveying the completed product away from the machine.

IOO

3. A mixing and kneading machine pro.

vided with one or more sets of reciprocating vpestles; together with a pair of rotary mixing devices or conveyers and interconnecting mechanism for both, operatively connected with a source of power; in combination with disconnecting mechanism for the reciprocating pestles and change-gear mechanism for one of the rotary mixing devices or conveyers, the arrangement being such that the pestles may be disconnected from the source of power and the direction ofrotation of one of the mixing devices be reversed so as to cause the material to be moved toward one end of the machine.

L1. A mixing and kneading machine provided with a removable door located 1in the bottom of the mixing and kneading trough; together with operating means so arranged that the door maybe rst lowered and then moved laterally beneath the Abottom of the mixing and kneading trough. y

5. A mixing-and Vkneading machine provided with a removable door located in the bottom of the mixing and kneadng trough and having mechanism for locking it in its upper or closed position; together with means for first lowering it and then moving it laterally to its complete open position.

(5. A mixing and kneading machine consisting of a series of reciprocating pestles, apair of rotary mixing devices or conveyers all opcrativelyconnected to a source of power and IIO located within a mixing and kneading trough; together with a removable door located in the bottom of the trough and provided with means for rst lowering it and then moving it laterally to its complete open position.

7. Amixingand kneading machine Gonsistring of a series of reciprocating pest-les and a pair of rotary spiral mixing devices or conveyers, all operatively connected to a source of power, and provided with means for disoon-j necting the reciprocating pestles from thel` source of power; and additional means for re-l'l Versing the direction of movement of one ol the conveyers; together with a removable door? located beneath the bottom and at one end of the mixing and kneading trough and between the conveyers, said door being pro'- vided with means for lowering it and then lmoving it laterally to its complete open position, all of said parts acting substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH LEE. Witnesses:

C. J. KINTNER,

M. F. KEATING. 

